| Immunogen | KLH-conjugatedlinearpeptidecorrespondingtotheconsensusGSK3phosphorylationsiteofhumanβ-Catenin. | 
| Epitope | ConsensusGSK3phosphorylationsiteofhumanβ-Catenin | 
| Concentration | PleaserefertotheCertificateofAnalysisforthelot-specificconcentration. | 
| Host | Rabbit | 
| Specificity | Antibodyrecognizesβ-CateninattheN-terminus. | 
| SpeciesReactivity |  | 
| SpeciesReactivityNote | Demonstratedtoreactwithhuman,mouse,andrat.Predictedtoreactwithequineandoxbasedon100%sequencehomology. | 
| AntibodyType | PolyclonalAntibody | 
| EntrezGeneNumber |  | 
| EntrezGeneSummary | Theproteinencodedbythisgeneispartofacomplexofproteinsthatconstituteadherensjunctions(AJs).AJsarenecessaryforthecreationandmaintenanceofepithelialcelllayersbyregulatingcellgrowthandadhesionbetweencells.TheencodedproteinalsoanchorstheactinCytoskeletonandmayberesponsIBLefortransmittingthecontactinhibitionsignalthatcausescellstostopdividingoncetheepithelialsheetiscomplete.Finally,thisproteinbindstotheproductoftheAPCgene,whichismutatedinadenomatouspolyposisofthecolon.Mutationsinthisgeneareacauseofcolorectalcancer(CRC),pilomatrixoma(PTR),medulloblastoma(MDB),andovariancancer.Threetranscriptvariantsencodingthesameproteinhavebeenfoundforthisgene. | 
| GeneSymbol | - CTNNB1
 - CTNNB
 - Beta-catenin
 - PRO2286
 
  | 
| PurificationMethod | AffinityPurfied | 
| UniProtNumber |  | 
| UniProtSummary | FUNCTION:InvolvedintheregulationofcelladhesionandinsignaltransductionthroughtheWntpathway.
  SIZE:781aminoacids;85497Da
  SUBUNIT:Twoseparatepoolsarefoundinthecytoplasm:oneisPSEN1/cadherin/catenincomplexwhichanchorstotheactincytoskeleton.TheotherpoolispartofalargecomplexcontainingAXIN1,AXIN2,APC,CSNK1A1andGSK3BthatpromotesphosphorylationonN-terminalSerandThrresiduesandubiquitinationofCTNNB1viaBTRCanditssubsequentdegradationbytheproteasome.Wnt-dependentactivationofDVLantagonizestheactionofGSK3B.WhenGSK3Bactivityisinhibitedthecomplexdissociates,CTNNB1isdephosphorylatedandisnolongertargetedfordestruction.ThestABIlizedproteintranslocatestothenucleus,whereitbindsTCF/LEF-1familymembers,TBP,BCL9andpossiblyalsoRUVBL1andDUPLIN.BindsCTNNBIPandEP300.CTNNB1formsaternarycomplexwithLEF1andEP300thatisdisruptedbyCTNNBIP1binding(Bysimilarity).InteractswiththePDZdomainofTAX1BP3;thisinteractioninhibitsthetranscriptionalactivityofCTNNB1(Bysimilarity).InteractswithAJAP1,BAIAP1,CARM1,CTNNA3,CXADRandPCDH11Y.BindsSLC9A3R1.InteractswithGLIS2.InteractswithSLC30A9(Bysimilarity).
  SUBCELLULARLOCATION:Cytoplasm.Nucleus.Note=Cytoplasmicwhenitisunstabilized(highlevelofphosphorylation)orboundtoCDH1.Translocatestothenucleuswhenitisstabilized(lowlevelofphosphorylation).InteractionwithGLIS2promotesnucleartranslocation.
  TISSUESPECIFICITY:Expressedinseveralhairfolliclecelltypes:basalandperipheralmatrixcells,andcellsoftheouterandinnerrootsheats.Expressedincolon.
  PTM:PhosphorylationbyGSK3BrequirespriorphosphorylationofSer-45byanotherkinase.PhosphorylationproceedsthenfromThr-41toSer-37andSer-33.&EGFstimulatestyrosinephosphorylation.PhosphorylationonTyr-654decreasesCDH1bindingandenhancesTBPbinding.&UbiquitinatedbyaE3ubiquitinligasecomplexcontainingUBE2D1,SIAH1,CACYBP/SIP,SKP1A,APCandTBL1X(Probable).Itsubiquitinationleadstoitssubsequentproteasomaldegradation.
  DISEASE:ActivatingmutationsinCTNNB1haveoncogenicactivityresultingintumordevelopment.Somaticmutationsarefoundinvarioustumortypes,includingcoloncancers,ovarianandprostatecarcinomas,hepatoblastoma(HB),hepatocellularcarcinoma(HCC).HBsaremalignantembryonaltumorsmainlyaffectingyoungchildreninthefirstthreeyearsoflife.&DefectsinCTNNB1areacauseofpilomatrixoma(PTR)[MIM:132600];acommonbenignskintumor.&DefectsinCTNNB1areacauseofmedulloblastoma(MDB)[MIM:155255].MDBisamalignant,invasiveembryonaltumorofthecerebellumwithapreferentialmanifestationinchildren.&AchromosomalrearrangementinvolvingCTNNB1maybeacauseofsalivaryglandpleiomorphicadenomas(PA)[181030].Pleiomorphicadenomasarethemostcommonbenignepithelialtumorsofthesalivarygland.Translocationt(3;8)(p21;q12)withPLAG1."
  SIMILARITY:Belongstothebeta-cateninfamily.&Contains12ARMrepeats. | 
| MolecularWeight | ~86kDaobserved. |